Aluminum sulphate
Aluminum sulfate
CAS: 10043-01-3
Molecular Formula: Al2O12S3
Aluminum sulphate - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Aluminum sulfate |
| Synonyms | ALUM LIQUID ALUM Aluminum sulfate Aluminum sulphate Aluminium Sulfate ALUMINIUM SULFATE Aluminium Sulphate ALUMINIUM SULPHATE sulfuricacid,aluminumsalt ALUMINIUM SULFATE, DEHYDRATE Aluminium Sulfate, Dehydrate Aluminium sulfate,non-ferrous |
| CAS | 10043-01-3 |
| EINECS | 233-135-0 |
| InChI | InChI:1S/2Al.3H2O4S/c;;3*1-5(2,3)4/h;;3*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+3;;;/p-6 |
Aluminum sulphate - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | Al2O12S3 |
| Molar Mass | 342.15 |
| Density | 2.71 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Melting Point | 770 °C (dec.) (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 759.71°C (estimate) |
| Water Solubility | soluble |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, etc. |
| Vapor Presure | 0-0.001Pa at 20-25℃ |
| Appearance | White powder or block |
| Specific Gravity | 2.71 |
| Color | White |
| Exposure Limit | NIOSH: TWA 2 mg/m3 |
| Merck | 14,366 |
| pKa | 3.6[at 20 ℃] |
| Storage Condition | Room Temprature |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| MDL | MFCD00003423 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | colorless monoclinic crystals. iron-free aluminum sulfate, molecular formula: Al2(SO4)3 or Al2(SO4)3· XH2O |
| Use | Used for papermaking, water purification, and used as mordant, tanning agent, pharmaceutical astringent, wood preservative, foam extinguishing agent |
Aluminum sulphate - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R37/38 - Irritating to respiratory system and skin. R41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S39 - Wear eye / face protection. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection S29 - Do not empty into drains. |
| UN IDs | UN 1760/3077 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | BD1700000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28332200 |
Aluminum sulphate - Upstream Downstream Industry
Aluminum sulphate - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
solid aluminum sulfate is a white, gray-green or light-yellow flaky or solid, and liquid aluminum sulfate is a light-green or light-yellow liquid. Soluble in water, acid and alkali, insoluble in alcohol. The aqueous solution is acidic, and aluminum hydroxide is formed after hydrolysis.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Aluminum sulphate - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
- decomposition of bauxite by sulfuric acid method: the bauxite was crushed to 60 mesh, reacted with 55% ~ 60% sulfuric acid in the reactor under pressurized condition for 6~8H, and the crude reaction solution was separated by sedimentation, after evaporation and concentration, the clarified liquid is neutralized to neutral or slightly alkaline by adding acid, and then cooled to form flakes or cooled to solidify, and then crushed and screened to obtain aluminum sulfate product.
- sulfuric acid decomposition aluminum hydroxide method: aluminum hydroxide reacts with sulfuric acid, and the reaction solution is settled, concentrated, cooled and solidified, and then pulverized and sieved to obtain a finished aluminum sulfate product.
- kaolin method: kaolin (or clay) is calcined at 700N800 ° C. And then crushed, decomposed with excess sulfuric acid, and then the finished aluminum sulfate product is obtained by 1 method.
- alum method: alunite stone is calcined, pulverized and dissolved with sulfuric acid, and the insoluble matter is filtered to obtain a mixed solution of aluminum sulfate and potassium alum, which is rapidly cooled and crystallized to remove potassium alum. The mother liquor is concentrated by evaporation, the aluminum sulfate product is obtained by cooling and curing.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:51:44
Aluminum sulphate - Standard
Authoritative Data Verified Data
This strain is prepared by the reaction of bauxite with sulfuric acid under pressurized conditions, or by the reaction of aluminum hydroxide with sulfuric acid. Containing different amounts of water of crystallization, the content of Al2(SO4)3 should be 54.0% to 59.0%.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Aluminum sulphate - Trait
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- This product is colorless or white crystal or crystalline powder.
- This product is soluble in water and almost insoluble in ethanol.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:26:41
Aluminum sulphate - Introduction
The proportion is 1.69. Long-term storage in the air is easy to suck and agglomerate, dehydration temperature is 86.5 ℃, soluble in water, acid and alkali, insoluble in alcohol, aqueous solution is acidic, with acid and astringent taste. When heated to 530 ℃, decomposition begins, and the decomposition ends at 860 ℃. The final product of decomposition is r-Al2O3. During the hydrolysis process of high purity aluminum sulfate, the intermediate product basic salt is first formed, and then aluminum hydroxide is formed.
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:11:24
Aluminum sulphate - Use
Open Data Verified Data
It is mainly used for drinking water, industrial wastewater, paper industry pulp sizing, oil industry clarifier, oil industry deodorizing and decolorizing agent, leather tanning, pigment manufacturing, refractory material ingredients demoulding, foam extinguishing agent and other aspects.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:51:45
Aluminum sulphate - Differential diagnosis
Authoritative Data Verified Data
identification reaction of aluminum salt and sulfate in aqueous solution of this product (General rule 0301).
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:26:41
Aluminum sulphate - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
The Glass Fiber Latex bag lined with polyethylene plastic bag, plastic woven bag or hemp bag, each net weight 50kg. The water treatment agent aluminum sulfate (solid) is packed in plastic woven bags lined with polyethylene plastic bags. 50kg net weight per bag. Water treatment agent aluminum sulfate solution with glass fiber reinforced plastic tank car or plastic drum packaging, each net weight of 25kg or 50kg. Should be stored in a cool, dry, clean warehouse, should be moisture-proof. After being wet, the deterioration and corrosion are enhanced, and the packaging is easy to be damaged (generally, the packaging should be changed in half a year). Not with toxic substances or alkaline substances are stored and mixed. During the transport process to prevent rain, moisture and sun exposure. When loading and unloading should be light to prevent packaging rupture. In case of fire, it can be suppressed by water, sand and all kinds of fire extinguishing. Toxicity and protection: its dust can stimulate the eyes, so that the cornea inflammation, and can damage the respiratory mucosa caused by bleeding. Hot solution can cause burns on the skin. When operating, wear dust-proof work clothes, protective glasses, rubber gloves, long rubber boots and other labor protection articles.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:04:04
Aluminum sulphate - Exam
Authoritative Data Verified Data
acidity
take 0.5g of this product, add 25ml of water to dissolve, and measure according to law (General rule 0631). The pH value should be 2.5~4.0.
clarity and color of solution
take 2.5g of this product, add 50ml of water to dissolve, the solution should be colorless (General rule 0901 The first method); If it is turbid, compared with the turbidity Standard No. 3 (General rule 0902), not more concentrated.
ammonium salt
take this product 0.4g, add water 100ml to dissolve, take 10ml according to law inspection (General rule 0808), should meet the requirements (0.05%).
moisture
take this product, according to the moisture determination method (General 0832 first method 1), the moisture content should be 41.0% ~ 46.0%.
alkali and alkaline earth metal salts
take l.Og of this product, add 150ml of water to dissolve, boil, add 2 drops of Methyl red indicator solution, add ammonia test solution to make the solution obviously Yellow, dilute to 150ml with heated water. While the heat is filtered, 75ml of the filtrate is evaporated to dryness, and the residue is not allowed to pass 2mg (600) at 0.4% °C.
Iron Salt
take this product O.lg, check according to law (General rule 0807), and compare with the control solution made of standard iron solution 1.0m l, not deeper (0.01%).
Heavy metals
take l.Og of this product, add 23ml of water to dissolve, add acetate buffer (pH3.5)2ml, check according to law (General rule 0821 first law), containing heavy metals not more than 20 parts per million.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:26:42
Aluminum sulphate - Content determination
Authoritative Data Verified Data
take about 1.5g of this product, accurately weigh it, put it in a 50ml measuring flask, add water to dissolve and dilute to the scale, shake well, take 10ml accurately and put it in a 250ml Erlenmeyer flask, add 25ml of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium titration solution (0.05mol/L), add 20ml of acetic acid-ammonium acetate buffer solution (pH4.5), heat to near boiling, and keep for 5 minutes, add 50ml of ethanol and 2ml of dithizone indicator solution (take 25.6mg of dithizone, dissolve with ethanol and dilute to 100ml, store in cold place for 2 months), titrate to bright pink with zinc titrant (0.05mol/L) and correct the titration results with a blank test. Each 1 ml of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium titration solution (0.0 5mol/L) is equivalent to 8.554mg of A12 (S04)3.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:26:43
Aluminum sulphate - Category
Authoritative Data Verified Data
pharmaceutical excipients, suspending agent.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:26:43
Aluminum sulphate - Storage
Authoritative Data Verified Data
sealed storage.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:26:43
Aluminum sulphate - Reference Information
| LogP | -5.08--0.12 at 20℃ |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| common aluminum salt | aluminum sulfate is one of the common aluminum salts, prone to hydrolysis, and the aqueous solution is acidic. Adding soluble carbonate or sulfide to the solution will promote complete hydrolysis: (1)2Al3 3CO2-3 2H2O = 2Al(OH)3 ↓ 3CO2 ↑ (2)2Al3 3S2- 3H2O = 2Al(OH)3 ↓ 3H2S ↑ white flocculent aluminum hydroxide precipitate is generated, which will expand violently and become sponge-like substance when heated; When calcined to red heat, it decomposes into sulfur trioxide and alumina. aluminum sulfate solution and potassium sulfate solution are mixed and crystallized to obtain a new salt, called aluminum potassium sulfate K2SO4 · Al2 (SO4) 3 · 24H2O. this salt is called double salt, also known as aluminum potassium alum, commonly known as alum. From the perspective of composition, it is composed of two simple salts, but it is not a simple mixture of two salts, but a compound with the same crystal structure and definite composition. The difference between double salt and complex is that double salt has simple ions in solid state or solution, but no complex complex ions. aluminum sulfate and other soluble sulfates can also form double salts with each other, and their general formulas are M2 Ⅰ SO4MⅡ SO4 · 6H2O and M Ⅰ 2SO4M2 Ⅲ (SO4)3 · 24H2O. In the formula, M I is usually NH 4,Na ,K ,Rb ,Cs ,Tl ;M II 1 is Fe2 ,Co2 ,Ni2 ,Zn2 ,Cu2 ,Hg 2 ;Mu III 1 is Fe 3 , Cr3 ,Al3, etc. This type of compound salt is collectively referred to as alum, for example: molar salt (NH4) 2SO4 · FeSO4 · 6H2O, magnesium potassium alum K2SO4 · MgSO4 · 6H2O, chromium potassium alum K2SO4 · Cr2 (SO4) 3 · 24H2O, sodium alum Na2SO4 · Al2 (SO4) 3 · 24H2O, ammonium alum (NH4) 2SO4 · Al(SO4) 3 · 24H2O, etc. The solubility of these alums in water is much smaller than that of the corresponding sulfates that make up them. Therefore, when crystallizing from the solution, it is easy to obtain more complete crystal particles and easy to purify. The step of preparing aluminum alum is often used to purify aluminum sulfate or produce purer aluminum compounds. Alum has a wide range of uses in industry. Alum can be used to clean drinking water. It is also used in tanning, printing and dyeing, papermaking and other industries. Aluminum sulfate can be produced by the interaction of metal aluminum, aluminum oxide or aluminum hydroxide with sulfuric acid. |
| uses and functions of aluminum sulfate | aluminum sulfate is mainly used as turbidity water purifier, precipitant, fixing agent, filler, etc. Used as an antisweat cosmetic raw material (astringent) in cosmetics. In addition, aluminum sulfate can also be used as a finishing agent for the paper industry (turpentine glue, so that the color is attached to the paper surface); leather tanning agent; mordant; water purifier (flocculant, the generated aluminum hydroxide flocs can be suspended in the water The particles are wrapped up to promote rapid sedimentation and separation); the retention agent of the foam fire extinguisher (the retention agent is sodium bicarbonate, which generates carbon dioxide after reaction); the raw materials for making alum and aluminum white; petroleum decolorization and deodorant; pharmaceutical raw materials; used as food curing agent (excipient); used for removing impurities such as grease and water; stabilizer for albumin pasteurization; lake raw materials; sewage treatment agent; waterproof concrete raw materials; fireproof cloth raw materials. |
| reference quality standard | aluminum sulfate quality standard (HG1-32-77) 1. refined aluminum sulfate is used as precipitant for making paper sizing at all levels. when grade a, grade B and grade c are used for water purification, the arsenic (AS2O3) content should not be more than 0.01%. 2. Aluminum sulfate particle size: all pass through a 10mm sieve, of which the fine particles passing through the 8mm sieve are not less than 98%, but they can also be made into lumps according to user requirements. 3, the appearance of refined aluminum sulfate is white. 4. crude aluminum sulfate is used for water purification at all levels, and the purified aluminum sulfate used shall not be made of waste acid with toxic substances. 5, aluminum sulfate for papermaking sizing, Al2O3 content should be above 12%, iron content should be below 0.2%, insoluble matter should not exceed 0.5%. The production of high-grade paper requires that the content of iron in aluminum sulfate should be below 0.08%. This kind of aluminum sulfate is called iron-free aluminum sulfate. |
| aluminum sulfate binder | aluminum sulfate binder is a kind of refractory binder. It is prepared by hydrolysis of industrial aluminum sulfate from bauxite sulfuric acid decomposition method or aluminum hydroxide sulfuric acid decomposition method. the hardening mechanism of the combination with aluminum sulfate binder is relatively complex. SO42-, Al (OH)2 and Al (SO4)3 exist in aluminum sulfate solution at normal temperature. If no accelerator is added, solidification is slow or not. After adding coagulant, such as adding coagulant alumina cement, SO42-will seize Ca2 from alumina cement to form CaSO4, and also form ferric sulfate, magnesium sulfate, etc. They will interact with each other to form new substances such as calcium sulphoaluminate (3CaO · Al2O3 · 3 CaSO4 · 31H2O or 3CaO · Al2O3 · CaSO4 · 12H2O) and aluminum ferric sulfate (FeO · Al2O3 · 4SO3 · 22H2O) Precipitation and crystallization, promote the condensation and hardening of the combination. The combination of aluminum sulfate binder has very low strength at room temperature due to the small number of new products. The strength after heat treatment before 500~600 ℃ is close to the drying strength. When 700~800 ℃, sulfate and sulphoaluminate begin to decompose one after another, releasing SO3,[Al2(SO4)3-→ Al2O3 3SO3 ↑], which loosens the structure and reduces the strength of the combination. When it is higher than 1000 ℃, the active Al2O3 obtained by the decomposition of sulfate and sulphoaluminate is prone to solid phase reaction, forming new substances and appearing liquid phase to achieve sintering, and the strength is significantly improved. At 1200 ℃, the strength of the combination is about 3.5~5 times that at 800 ℃. since the hydrolysis reaction product of aluminum sulfate is H2SO4, it can react with metals and oxides in the raw materials to generate hydrogen and water, which is unfavorable to the molding performance of bricks, so when using aluminum sulfate binder, the material should be trapped for more than 24 hours at a certain temperature and humidity. aluminum sulfate binder can be used to prepare castables, ramming materials, plastic and non-burning bricks, etc. The use temperature varies with the materials of aggregates and powders used. |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | dissolution grams per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 31.2g/0 ℃;33.5g/10 ℃;36.4g/20 ℃;40.4g/30 ℃;45.8g/40 ℃ 59.2g/60 ℃;73g/80 ℃;80.8g/90 ℃;89g/100 ℃ |
| identification test | 10% sample solution, the aluminum salt (IT-2) and sulfate (IT-29) tests should be positive. Solubility is very soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol. Measured according to OT-42 method. The pH value of 5% aqueous solution is 2.9 or above, and the glass electrode is used for determination. |
| content analysis | accurately weigh about 4g of the sample, put it into a 250ml volumetric flask, dissolve with water and mix after constant volume. Absorb 10ml of the solution, move a 250ml beaker, add 25.0ml of 0.05mol/L EDTA disodium solution and 20ml of pH 4.5 buffer (77.1g ammonium acetate and 57ml glacial acetic acid are added with water to fix the volume to 1000 m1), and boil with slow fire for 5min. After cooling, add ethanol. 50ml and dithizone test solution (TS-94)2ml. Titration with 0.05mol/L zinc sulfate solution to bright rose red, and blank titration was carried out at the same time. 0.05mol/L of disodium EDTA per ml is equivalent to aluminum sulfate [Al2 (SO4)3]8.554mg or hydrous aluminum sulfate [Al2 (S O4)3?18H2O]16.66mg. |
| toxicity | ADI is not specified (FAO/WHO,2001). GRAS(FDA,§ 182.1125,2000). LD50 6207mg/kg (mouse, oral) see aluminum sulfate. |
| use | used in the production of artificial gemstones and advanced ammonium alum. curing agent (oil, water, etc.), albumin pasteurization stabilizer (including liquid or frozen whole egg, egg white or yolk). The maximum allowable dosage (FAO/WHO,1984) is 0.036%. Used for papermaking, water purification, and used as mordant, tanning agent, pharmaceutical astringent, wood preservative, foam fire extinguishing agent, etc. |
| production method | is obtained by reacting aluminum hydroxide (or pure kaolin or bauxite) with sulfuric acid, filtering out insoluble matter and recrystallizing. The bauxite is crushed to a certain particle size by sulfuric acid method, and a human reaction kettle is added to react with sulfuric acid. The reaction solution is settled, and the clarification solution is added with sulfuric acid to neutralize to neutral or slightly alkaline, and then concentrated to about 115 ℃, After cooling and curing, the finished product is crushed. Its A12O3 3H2SO4 → A12(SO4)3 3H2O |
| category | toxic substances |
| toxicity classification | poisoning |
| acute toxicity | oral administration-mouse LD50: 6207 mg/kg; Abdominal cavity-mouse LD50: 1735 mg/kg |
| flammability hazard characteristics | high heat decomposes toxic sulfur oxides; hydrolysis produces sulfuric acid, which is irritating to the lung |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying |
| fire extinguishing agent | foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 15:16:46
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View History
Raw Materials for Aluminum sulphate
Downstream Products for Aluminum sulphate
Aluminum hydroxide
Sulfuric acid, aluminum ammonium salt (2:1:1)
Potassium dichromate
Fosetyl-aluminum
Lead(II) chromate
Aluminium stearate
Sulfuric acid, aluminum ammonium salt (2:1:1)
Potassium dichromate
Fosetyl-aluminum
Lead(II) chromate
Aluminium stearate